Answer: (d) All four.
Explanation:
All four statements are correct:
Some mushrooms have medicinal properties: Mushrooms are known for their medicinal properties and have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. They contain bioactive compounds that have various health benefits and therapeutic uses.
Some mushrooms have psychoactive properties: Certain types of mushrooms, such as psilocybin mushrooms, contain psychoactive compounds like psilocybin and psilocin. These compounds can alter perception, cognition, and mood when ingested.
Some mushrooms have insecticidal properties: Certain mushrooms produce natural insecticidal compounds. For example, the fungus Beauveria bassiana is known for its insecticidal properties and is used as a biocontrol agent against various insect pests.
Some mushrooms have bioluminescent properties: Bioluminescent mushrooms are rare but do exist. They can emit light through a chemical reaction, usually involving the enzyme luciferase. This property is seen in certain species of mushrooms, such as the Mycena and Panellus genera.
Reference source:
One of the authentic sources that can be referred to for this information is the NCERT book "Biology: Class XI" published by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), which is the official body responsible for designing and publishing textbooks for school education in India. The book provides detailed information about fungi and their various properties, including medicinal, psychoactive, insecticidal, and bioluminescent properties.
Link to NCERT Biology Class XI book (Chapter 22 - Fungi):
https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?kecb1=5-11
