(c) Bahadur Shah.
The ruler of medieval Gujarat who surrendered Diu to the Portuguese was (c) Bahadur Shah.
Explanation:
Bahadur Shah, also known as Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat, was the ruler of Gujarat Sultanate from 1526 to 1537. During his reign, the Portuguese sought to establish their presence and control over trade in the region. In 1535, the Portuguese under the command of Dom João de Castro attacked and captured the strategic island of Diu, which was an important port and trading center.
Bahadur Shah attempted to retake Diu but was unsuccessful. Eventually, he entered into a treaty with the Portuguese in 1537, surrendering Diu to them. This allowed the Portuguese to solidify their control over the region and establish a strong maritime presence along the western coast of India.
Reference source:
To verify this information, you can refer to the following sources:
"Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals - Mughal Empire (1526-1707)" - Part of the NCERT History textbook series for Class XI, published by NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training). You can access the book online or refer to the physical copy for more details.
"A History of Medieval India" by Satish Chandra - This book provides a comprehensive account of medieval Indian history, including the Gujarat Sultanate and the role of the Portuguese in the region. It is widely used as a reference book for competitive examinations like UPSC.
Official website of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) - The ASI maintains various historical sites and monuments, including those related to the medieval history of Gujarat. Their website may provide additional information or references related to Bahadur Shah and the surrender of Diu.
