Unit 4: Unicameral and Bicameral legislations

Question

Unicameral and Bicameral Legislatures

1. Discuss the differences between unicameral and bicameral legislatures with examples.
2. Examine the advantages and disadvantages of a unicameral legislature.
3. Analyze the significance of a bicameral legislature in a federal system like India.
4. Discuss the role of the Rajya Sabha as the second chamber in India’s bicameral system.
5. Examine the functions of a bicameral legislature in enhancing democratic governance.
6. Analyze the impact of bicameralism on legislative accountability.
7. Discuss the significance of unicameral legislatures for smaller states.
8. Examine the historical development of bicameralism in the Indian Parliament.
9. Analyze the role of bicameral legislatures in maintaining federal balance.
10. Discuss the challenges and limitations faced by bicameral legislatures in India.

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Functions and Crisis of Accountability in Legislatures

11. Discuss the legislative functions of the Indian Parliament.
12. Examine the role of legislatures in representing public opinion.
13. Analyze the role of the legislature in ensuring accountability of the executive.
14. Discuss the legislative process for passing bills in India’s Parliament.
15. Examine the factors leading to a crisis of accountability in the Indian legislature.
16. Analyze the significance of parliamentary questions in maintaining accountability.
17. Discuss the role of opposition parties in ensuring legislative accountability.
18. Examine the impact of low attendance of MPs/MLAs on legislative accountability.
19. Discuss the challenges posed by disruptions in Parliament to legislative accountability.
20. Analyze the role of the Speaker in maintaining legislative accountability.

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Delegated Legislation

21. Discuss the concept of delegated legislation and its significance in modern governance.
22. Examine the need for delegated legislation in the legislative process.
23. Analyze the advantages of delegated legislation for efficient lawmaking.
24. Discuss the potential risks associated with delegated legislation.
25. Examine the role of delegated legislation in addressing administrative complexities.
26. Analyze the limitations of delegated legislation in a democratic setup.
27. Discuss the constitutional basis for delegated legislation in India.
28. Examine the role of legislative oversight in regulating delegated legislation.
29. Analyze the impact of delegated legislation on the separation of powers.
30. Discuss the safeguards necessary to prevent abuse of delegated legislation.

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Legislative Procedure

31. Discuss the legislative procedure for introducing a bill in the Indian Parliament.
32. Examine the process for passing a Money Bill in Parliament.
33. Analyze the significance of the Committee stage in the legislative process.
34. Discuss the role of the President in the legislative procedure of India.
35. Examine the role of the Rajya Sabha in the passage of Ordinary Bills.
36. Discuss the legislative process for Constitutional Amendment Bills in India.
37. Analyze the significance of Joint Sitting of Parliament in legislative procedure.
38. Examine the role of Select Committees in the legislative process.
39. Discuss the impact of the Committee stage on the quality of legislation.
40. Analyze the process and significance of private member bills in India.

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Committees of the Legislature

41. Discuss the role of parliamentary committees in the Indian legislative process.
42. Examine the importance of the Public Accounts Committee in financial accountability.
43. Analyze the functions and significance of the Estimates Committee.
44. Discuss the role of the Committee on Public Undertakings in legislative oversight.
45. Examine the role of the Departmentally Related Standing Committees in policy review.
46. Analyze the significance of the Business Advisory Committee in parliamentary functioning.
47. Discuss the role of the Committee on Privileges in maintaining legislative ethics.
48. Examine the impact of parliamentary committees on legislative scrutiny.
49. Discuss the role of the Rules Committee in regulating legislative procedures.
50. Analyze the role of the Committee on Petitions in addressing public grievances.

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Legislative and Judicial Control over Delegated Legislation

51. Discuss the role of legislative control over delegated legislation in India.
52. Examine the mechanisms of parliamentary oversight on delegated legislation.
53. Analyze the importance of the Committee on Subordinate Legislation in legislative control.
54. Discuss the role of judicial control over delegated legislation in India.
55. Examine the role of judicial review in ensuring the legality of delegated legislation.
56. Analyze the grounds on which delegated legislation can be challenged in courts.
57. Discuss the significance of judicial control in preventing arbitrary delegated legislation.
58. Examine the limitations of legislative and judicial control over delegated legislation.
59. Discuss the role of the judiciary in protecting Fundamental Rights from misuse of delegated legislation.
60. Analyze the significance of judicial precedents in regulating delegated legislation.

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Judicial Review of Administrative Action

61. Discuss the concept of judicial review of administrative action in India.
62. Examine the grounds for judicial review of administrative action.
63. Analyze the role of judicial review in ensuring administrative accountability.
64. Discuss the impact of judicial review on the principle of rule of law.
65. Examine the limitations on judicial review of administrative action.
66. Discuss the role of the judiciary in protecting Fundamental Rights through judicial review.
67. Analyze the impact of judicial review on the separation of powers.
68. Examine the significance of judicial review in ensuring fairness in administrative actions.
69. Discuss the role of judicial review in preventing abuse of discretionary powers.
70. Analyze the importance of judicial review in safeguarding individual rights in India.

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Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India

71. Discuss the role and functions of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
72. Examine the constitutional status of the CAG and its significance in maintaining financial accountability.
73. Analyze the CAG’s role in auditing government expenditure and public finances.
74. Discuss the impact of CAG reports on policy formulation and implementation.
75. Examine the significance of the CAG’s independence in performing its duties.
76. Analyze the challenges faced by the CAG in ensuring effective audit practices.
77. Discuss the role of the CAG in promoting transparency and accountability.
78. Examine the impact of CAG audits on public sector undertakings.
79. Discuss the role of the Public Accounts Committee in scrutinizing CAG reports.
80. Analyze the significance of CAG audits in preventing corruption and misuse of public funds.

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Attorney General of India

81. Discuss the role and functions of the Attorney General of India.
82. Examine the constitutional status and importance of the Attorney General in India.
83. Analyze the relationship between the Attorney General and the executive branch.
84. Discuss the role of the Attorney General in representing the government in legal matters.
85. Examine the role of the Attorney General in providing legal advice to the government.
86. Discuss the limitations on the powers and functions of the Attorney General.
87. Analyze the role of the Attorney General in promoting legal accountability.
88. Examine the Attorney General’s role in protecting the government’s legal interests.
89. Discuss the relationship between the Attorney General and the judiciary.
90. Analyze the significance of the Attorney General’s role in upholding the Constitution.

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Legislative and Judicial Controls: Challenges and Reforms

91. Discuss the challenges in ensuring effective legislative control over delegated legislation.
92. Examine the role of judicial control in addressing limitations of delegated legislation.
93. Analyze the need for reforms in legislative procedures for better lawmaking.
94. Discuss the significance of transparency and accountability in delegated legislation.
95. Examine the impact of over-reliance on delegated legislation on parliamentary functions.
96. Analyze the role of reforms in enhancing legislative control over administrative actions.
97. Discuss the challenges faced by the judiciary in reviewing delegated legislation.
98. Examine the need for comprehensive guidelines on the use of delegated legislation.
99. Analyze the challenges of balancing judicial and legislative control over delegated powers.
100. Discuss the importance of collaborative reforms to enhance legislative accountability in India.

Answer 1

Unicameral and Bicameral Legislatures

1. Discuss the differences between unicameral and bicameral legislatures.
2. Examine the advantages of a bicameral legislature in a federal system.
3. Analyze the merits and demerits of a unicameral legislature.
4. Discuss the role of bicameralism in ensuring checks and balances in a democracy.
5. Examine the impact of a unicameral system on legislative efficiency.
6. Analyze the historical reasons for choosing a bicameral legislature at the Union level in India.
7. Discuss the significance of the Rajya Sabha as the second chamber in the Indian Parliament.
8. Examine the challenges of coordination between the two Houses in a bicameral legislature.
9. Analyze the effectiveness of bicameralism in representing diverse interests.
10. Discuss the role of the Rajya Sabha in maintaining federal balance in India.

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Functions and Crisis of Accountability in Legislatures

11. Discuss the main functions of a legislature in a democratic system.
12. Examine the role of the legislature in holding the executive accountable.
13. Analyze the crisis of accountability faced by modern legislatures.
14. Discuss the role of Question Hour in promoting legislative accountability.
15. Examine the impact of disruptions on legislative accountability in India.
16. Discuss the role of opposition parties in ensuring accountability in Parliament.
17. Analyze the impact of declining parliamentary sessions on legislative accountability.
18. Examine the role of the Public Accounts Committee in promoting accountability.
19. Discuss the significance of the Zero Hour in ensuring accountability in the legislature.
20. Analyze the crisis of accountability due to legislative absenteeism in India.

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Delegated Legislation

21. Discuss the concept of delegated legislation and its importance in governance.
22. Examine the reasons for the growth of delegated legislation in modern states.
23. Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of delegated legislation.
24. Discuss the role of delegated legislation in enhancing administrative efficiency.
25. Examine the challenges of delegated legislation in a democratic setup.
26. Discuss the types of delegated legislation commonly used in India.
27. Analyze the role of delegated legislation in responding to changing needs and conditions.
28. Examine the limitations on delegated legislation to prevent misuse of power.
29. Discuss the significance of legislative scrutiny in overseeing delegated legislation.
30. Analyze the impact of delegated legislation on the separation of powers.

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Legislative Procedure and Committees

31. Discuss the legislative procedure followed in the Indian Parliament.
32. Examine the stages of a bill’s passage in a bicameral legislature.
33. Analyze the role of the Committee of the Whole in the legislative process.
34. Discuss the significance of parliamentary committees in legislative functioning.
35. Examine the role of the Estimates Committee in scrutinizing government expenditure.
36. Analyze the importance of the Standing Committees in the legislative process.
37. Discuss the role of the Select Committee in refining legislative proposals.
38. Examine the procedure for passing a Money Bill in Parliament.
39. Discuss the significance of the Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) in legislative scrutiny.
40. Analyze the importance of the Business Advisory Committee in managing legislative work.

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Legislative Control over Delegated Legislation

41. Discuss the role of Parliament in controlling delegated legislation.
42. Examine the importance of legislative committees in overseeing delegated legislation.
43. Analyze the effectiveness of legislative control over delegated legislation in India.
44. Discuss the limitations of legislative control on delegated legislation.
45. Examine the role of scrutiny committees in assessing delegated legislation.
46. Discuss the importance of transparency in delegated legislation.
47. Analyze the challenges faced by legislators in controlling delegated powers.
48. Examine the significance of the Committee on Subordinate Legislation.
49. Discuss the methods available to the legislature to review delegated legislation.
50. Analyze the role of public opinion in influencing delegated legislation.

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Judicial Control over Delegated Legislation

51. Discuss the role of the judiciary in controlling delegated legislation.
52. Examine the concept of judicial review in overseeing delegated legislation.
53. Analyze the doctrine of ultra vires as a tool for judicial control over delegated legislation.
54. Discuss the role of the judiciary in preventing misuse of delegated powers.
55. Examine the impact of judicial review on the legality of delegated legislation.
56. Discuss the limitations of judicial control over delegated legislation in India.
57. Analyze the role of the judiciary in protecting Fundamental Rights from delegated legislation.
58. Examine the impact of the doctrine of proportionality on delegated legislation.
59. Discuss the importance of judicial intervention in cases of excessive delegation.
60. Analyze the role of judicial activism in controlling delegated legislation.

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Judicial Review of Administrative Action

61. Discuss the concept of judicial review of administrative actions.
62. Examine the significance of judicial review in protecting citizens’ rights.
63. Analyze the impact of judicial review on administrative efficiency.
64. Discuss the limitations on judicial review of administrative actions.
65. Examine the role of judicial review in ensuring accountability of public officials.
66. Discuss the impact of judicial review on the separation of powers.
67. Analyze the doctrine of fairness as applied in judicial review of administrative action.
68. Examine the role of judicial review in upholding the rule of law.
69. Discuss the relevance of the principle of natural justice in administrative actions.
70. Analyze the significance of judicial review in maintaining transparency in administration.

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Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)

71. Discuss the role and significance of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG).
72. Examine the constitutional provisions related to the CAG in India.
73. Analyze the CAG’s role in promoting accountability in public finance.
74. Discuss the significance of the CAG’s audit reports in legislative functioning.
75. Examine the role of the CAG in auditing government expenditures and receipts.
76. Discuss the limitations of the CAG in ensuring financial accountability.
77. Analyze the independence of the CAG and its impact on accountability.
78. Examine the impact of the CAG’s reports on policy decisions and governance.
79. Discuss the CAG’s role in preventing corruption and misuse of public funds.
80. Analyze the significance of the CAG’s audit of public sector undertakings (PSUs).

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Attorney General of India

81. Discuss the role and functions of the Attorney General of India.
82. Examine the constitutional position of the Attorney General in India.
83. Analyze the Attorney General’s role as the chief legal advisor to the government.
84. Discuss the Attorney General’s role in representing the Union Government in court cases.
85. Examine the Attorney General’s power to participate in parliamentary proceedings.
86. Discuss the limitations on the powers and functions of the Attorney General.
87. Analyze the Attorney General’s role in upholding the rule of law.
88. Examine the impact of the Attorney General’s legal opinions on governance.
89. Discuss the role of the Attorney General in advising on constitutional matters.
90. Analyze the importance of the Attorney General’s independence in performing duties.

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Legislative and Judicial Controls over Administration

91. Discuss the role of legislative control over administrative actions in a democracy.
92. Examine the effectiveness of parliamentary questions in controlling administrative actions.
93. Analyze the role of judicial control in curbing abuse of administrative discretion.
94. Discuss the methods available to the legislature for scrutinizing administrative decisions.
95. Examine the significance of judicial intervention in administrative matters.
96. Analyze the impact of parliamentary committees on administrative accountability.
97. Discuss the concept of ministerial responsibility in controlling administrative actions.
98. Examine the effectiveness of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in controlling administrative actions.
99. Discuss the role of the judiciary in ensuring transparency in administrative functioning.
100. Analyze the challenges faced by legislative and judicial controls in the modern administrative state.