Q1. Consider the following statements:
- An object with a larger mass requires a greater force to achieve the same acceleration as a lighter object, according to Newton’s Second Law.
- When a person jumps off a boat, the boat moves in the opposite direction due to the Conservation of Momentum.
- A moving truck has higher momentum than a bicycle moving at the same speed because it has a greater velocity.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) All of the above
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as per Newton's Second Law (F = ma). Statement 2 is correct, as the boat moves backward due to the Conservation of Momentum. Statement 3 is incorrect because the truck has higher momentum due to its greater mass, not velocity.
Q2. Consider the following statements:
- Inertia is the property of a body that causes it to resist any change in its state of motion or rest.
- The greater the mass of an object, the greater its inertia.
- Frictional force is a force that accelerates the motion of an object in contact with a surface.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) All of the above
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as inertia indeed resists changes in motion. Statement 2 is correct since objects with greater mass have greater inertia. Statement 3 is incorrect because frictional force opposes the motion, not accelerates it.
Q3. Consider the following statements regarding Newton’s Third Law of Motion:
- When you push against a wall, the wall pushes back with an equal force in the opposite direction.
- A rocket moves upward by expelling gases downward; this is an example of Newton’s Third Law.
- The force exerted by a truck on the ground when it is accelerating forward has no effect on the ground.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1, 2, and 3
- (d) None of the above
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 both illustrate Newton's Third Law. Statement 3 is incorrect, as the truck does exert an equal and opposite reaction force on the ground as it accelerates forward.
Q4. Which of the following statements correctly describe the relationship between force and momentum?
- A change in momentum is directly proportional to the applied force.
- When no external force acts on a system, its total momentum remains constant.
- The momentum of an object is independent of its mass.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) All of the above
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as force causes a change in momentum over time (F = dp/dt). Statement 2 is correct due to the Conservation of Momentum. Statement 3 is incorrect, as momentum is the product of mass and velocity (p = mv), making it dependent on mass.
Q5. Match the following concepts with their examples:
| Concept | Example |
|---|
| A. Inertia | 1. A person pushes a car to make it accelerate |
| B. Momentum | 2. A heavy truck resists changes in its state of rest |
| C. Newton’s 3rd Law | 3. A gun recoils when fired |
Select the correct answer from the options below:
- (a) A-2, B-1, C-3
- (b) A-1, B-2, C-3
- (c) A-2, B-3, C-1
- (d) A-3, B-2, C-1
Answer: (a) A-2, B-1, C-3
Explanation: Inertia (A-2) is demonstrated by the truck’s resistance to change. Momentum (B-1) refers to the force required to accelerate the car. Newton’s Third Law (C-3) is shown by the recoil of a gun.
