Match the following agricultural reforms with their objectives:
| Agricultural Reforms | Objectives |
|---|
| 1. Land Reforms | a) Aimed at increasing agricultural production through high-yielding seeds and fertilizers. |
| 2. Green Revolution | b) Redistribution of land to improve access for landless farmers. |
| 3. Minimum Support Price (MSP) | c) Ensuring farmers receive a guaranteed price for their crops. |
| 4. National Food Security Act (NFSA) | d) Providing subsidized food grains to ensure food security for citizens. |
Options: a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d
b) 1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-c
c) 1-a, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c
d) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
Answer: a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d
Explanation:
- Land Reforms: Focused on redistribution of land to landless farmers to improve their economic condition (b).
- Green Revolution: Aimed at increasing agricultural productivity through the use of high-yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds and modern techniques (a).
- MSP: Guarantees farmers a minimum price for their crops to protect them from market fluctuations (c).
- NFSA: Provides subsidized food grains to ensure food security for the population (d).
Consider the following statements about the role of agriculture in the Indian economy:
- Agriculture contributes around 18-20% of India's GDP.
- More than 40% of India’s population is dependent on agriculture for their livelihood.
- Agriculture is the largest source of foreign exchange for India.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Agriculture contributes around 18-20% to India’s GDP.
- Statement 2 is correct: More than 40% of India's population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: While agriculture is important for food security, sectors like IT services and manufacturing contribute more to foreign exchange earnings.
Match the following agricultural policies with their objectives:
| Agricultural Policies | Objectives |
|---|
| 1. Minimum Support Price (MSP) | a) To provide long-term, low-interest credit to farmers. |
| 2. Public Distribution System (PDS) | b) To stabilize prices by ensuring a minimum price for certain crops. |
| 3. National Food Security Act (NFSA) | c) To ensure access to subsidized food grains for the economically weaker sections. |
| 4. Kisan Credit Card (KCC) | d) To provide food grains to citizens at affordable prices through ration shops. |
Options: a) 1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a
b) 1-d, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b
c) 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
d) 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b
Answer: a) 1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a
Explanation:
- MSP: Ensures a minimum price to farmers for their crops (b).
- PDS: Provides food grains at affordable prices through ration shops (d).
- NFSA: Ensures access to subsidized food grains for the economically weaker sections (c).
- KCC: Provides low-interest credit to farmers for their agricultural needs (a).
Which of the following was a major impact of the Green Revolution in India?
a) Increased mechanization and reduced employment in agriculture
b) Enhanced agricultural productivity and self-sufficiency in food grains
c) Shift from food crops to cash crops
d) Decrease in irrigation facilities
Answer: b) Enhanced agricultural productivity and self-sufficiency in food grains
Explanation: The Green Revolution led to significant improvements in agricultural productivity, especially in wheat and rice, making India self-sufficient in food grains.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Minimum Support Price (MSP)?
a) It provides a guaranteed price for certain crops.
b) It is announced by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).
c) It helps farmers by ensuring that their produce is bought at market prices.
d) It is intended to protect farmers from price fluctuations in the market.
Answer: c) It helps farmers by ensuring that their produce is bought at market prices.
Explanation: MSP guarantees a fixed price for crops, irrespective of market fluctuations, not necessarily the market price. It is aimed at protecting farmers from falling prices in the open market.
Consider the following statements about the National Food Security Act (NFSA):
- NFSA aims to provide subsidized food grains to 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population.
- The Act ensures 5 kg of food grains per person per month at subsidized rates.
- The Act is implemented through the Public Distribution System (PDS).
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The NFSA covers 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Act provides 5 kg of food grains per person per month at subsidized rates.
- Statement 3 is correct: The PDS is the mechanism for distributing food grains under NFSA.
Which of the following institutions is responsible for refinancing regional rural banks (RRBs) and other rural financial institutions?
a) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
b) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
c) State Bank of India (SBI)
d) National Cooperative Bank
Answer: b) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
Explanation: NABARD is responsible for refinancing RRBs and other rural financial institutions to promote agricultural and rural development.
Match the following farmer welfare schemes with their objectives:
| Farmer Welfare Schemes | Objectives |
|---|
| 1. PM-KISAN | a) Providing financial assistance to small and marginal farmers. |
| 2. PM Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) | b) Providing crop insurance to farmers to protect them from crop failure. |
| 3. Soil Health Card Scheme | c) Improving soil health by providing information on nutrient deficiencies. |
| 4. e-NAM | d) Creating a unified national market for agricultural commodities. |
Options: a) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d
b) 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b
c) 1-a, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c
d) 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
Answer: a) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d
Explanation:
- PM-KISAN: Provides financial assistance of ₹6,000 per year to small and marginal farmers (a).
- PMFBY: Provides crop insurance to protect farmers from crop loss due to natural calamities (b).
- Soil Health Card Scheme: Improves soil health by giving information on nutrient levels and soil quality (c).
- e-NAM: Creates a unified national agricultural market (d).
Which of the following best describes the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme?
a) It provides insurance to farmers for crop failure.
b) It offers long-term loans to farmers for purchasing land.
c) It provides farmers with credit facilities for short-term crop loans.
d) It gives farmers a one-time financial assistance for seeds and fertilizers.
Answer: c) It provides farmers with credit facilities for short-term crop loans.
Explanation: The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme provides farmers with short-term credit facilities for crop production and other agricultural activities, ensuring easy access to funds.
