Statement-Based MCQs on Juanga Tribe
1. Consider the following statements regarding the Juanga Tribe:
- The Juanga tribe is classified as one of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in Odisha.
- Juangas are traditionally known for wearing leaf skirts, but they have now shifted to wearing clothing bought from local markets.
- The tribe practices only hunting and does not engage in any form of agriculture.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because the Juanga tribe originally practiced shifting cultivation and is now moving towards settled agriculture.
2. Which of the following statements is true about the traditional leadership of the Juanga Tribe?
a) The post of Pradhan is hereditary and passes from father to son.
b) The Pradhan, the tribe's headman, is chosen for life and cannot be replaced.
c) The Pradhan’s role is not hereditary, and the selection is based on a senior person with maneuvering capacity.
d) The Pradhan does not have any significant decision-making powers in the tribe.
Answer: c) The Pradhan’s role is not hereditary, and the selection is based on a senior person with maneuvering capacity.
Explanation: The post of Pradhan is not hereditary, and the Pradhan is selected based on their capacity to lead and make decisions.
3. Consider the following statements:
- The Juanga tribe has retained a traditional political council where the Pradhan is the formal headman.
- The Juanga tribe is mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
- The Juangas are skilled in basket weaving, decorative comb-making, and domesticating animals.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation: Statement 2 is incorrect because the Juanga tribe is primarily concentrated in Odisha, particularly in the Keonjhar district.
4. Which of the following best describes the Juanga tribe's traditional occupation?
a) They are primarily known for being full-time hunters.
b) The tribe practiced shifting cultivation but is transitioning to settled agriculture.
c) The Juangas have always been involved in industrial work in Odisha.
d) They are traditionally involved in fishing and coastal activities.
Answer: b) The tribe practiced shifting cultivation but is transitioning to settled agriculture.
Explanation: The Juanga tribe originally practiced shifting cultivation and is now moving towards settled agriculture as their primary occupation.
5. Consider the following statements about the Juanga Tribe:
- The Juanga tribe is one of 13 PVTGs out of the 62 tribes found in Odisha.
- As per Census 2011, the population of the Juanga tribe in Odisha is approximately 50,000.
- The Juanga tribe is skilled in making decorative combs and tobacco cases to supplement their income.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation: Statement 2 is incorrect because the Juanga tribe’s population in Odisha, according to the 2011 Census, is 47,095.
Statement-Based MCQs on Pyrocumulonimbus Clouds
1. Consider the following statements about Pyrocumulonimbus clouds:
- Pyrocumulonimbus clouds are formed during intense wildfires and volcanic eruptions due to the extreme heat generated.
- These clouds are capable of generating their own thunderstorms and can cause lightning.
- Pyrocumulonimbus clouds generally produce a significant amount of rainfall, helping to extinguish the wildfire.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because pyrocumulonimbus clouds do not produce much rain and often contribute to the spread of wildfires by generating lightning and strong winds.
2. What triggers the formation of Pyrocumulonimbus clouds?
a) The presence of large bodies of water and high humidity
b) The intense heat generated from wildfires or volcanic eruptions
c) Strong winds and cyclones near forest areas
d) Heavy rainfall over dry areas with vegetation
Answer: b) The intense heat generated from wildfires or volcanic eruptions
Explanation: Pyrocumulonimbus clouds are formed due to the extreme heat from wildfires or volcanic eruptions, which causes hot air to rise and condense into clouds.
3. Consider the following statements about Pyrocumulonimbus clouds:
- Pyrocumulonimbus clouds can reach heights of 50,000 feet.
- These clouds produce significant amounts of rainfall, often extinguishing the fires that create them.
- Lightning generated by these clouds can spark new wildfires far away from the main blaze.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation: Statement 2 is incorrect because pyrocumulonimbus clouds produce little to no rainfall, but they can generate lightning that may ignite new fires.
4. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Pyrocumulonimbus clouds?
a) They are capable of creating their own thunderstorms.
b) They are formed due to the rising hot air during a wildfire.
c) They reduce the risk of further wildfires by producing heavy rain.
d) They can generate strong winds, making wildfire spread more unpredictable.
Answer: c) They reduce the risk of further wildfires by producing heavy rain.
Explanation: Pyrocumulonimbus clouds do not produce much rain and can actually increase the risk of further wildfires by generating lightning and strong winds.
5. Consider the following statements about the impact of climate change on Pyrocumulonimbus clouds:
- Climate change has contributed to an increase in the frequency of wildfires, which in turn may increase the occurrence of pyrocumulonimbus clouds.
- Studies show that rising global temperatures are linked to more intense and frequent wildfires.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Both statements are correct, as climate change and rising global temperatures are contributing to the increased frequency and intensity of wildfires, leading to more pyrocumulonimbus cloud formations.
