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MCQ FOR UPSC AND KPSC PRELIMS 1

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Statement-Based MCQs on Lunisolar Calendar: New Study

1. Consider the following statements about the newly discovered lunisolar calendar:

  1. The lunisolar calendar found at Gobekli Tepe in southern Turkey is believed to track the movements of the moon and the sun.
  2. The V-shaped markings on a stone pillar at the site are thought to document a significant comet strike around 10,850 B.C.
  3. The discovery suggests that ancient people lacked the knowledge or tools to record astronomical events.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because the discovery suggests that ancient people were sophisticated enough to record astronomical events.

2. The lunisolar calendar discovered at Gobekli Tepe is believed to date back to which period?

a) 5,000 B.C.
b) 2,500 B.C.
c) 10,850 B.C.
d) 3,000 B.C.

Answer: c) 10,850 B.C.
Explanation: The V-shaped markings on the stone pillar are thought to document a significant comet strike around 10,850 B.C..

3. Which of the following is a significant implication of the discovery of the lunisolar calendar at Gobekli Tepe?

a) Ancient people had no knowledge of astronomy.
b) The discovery shows that ancient people had developed methods to track celestial events.
c) The calendar was used solely for agricultural purposes.
d) The calendar was found in northern Europe.

Answer: b) The discovery shows that ancient people had developed methods to track celestial events.
Explanation: The carvings suggest that ancient people were sophisticated enough to record and track astronomical events.

4. Which of the following events is believed to be documented by the V-shaped markings on the stone pillar at Gobekli Tepe?

a) The eruption of a volcano
b) A significant comet strike
c) The invention of writing
d) A solar eclipse

Answer: b) A significant comet strike
Explanation: The V-shaped markings are thought to document a comet strike that occurred around 10,850 B.C., which had catastrophic effects on Earth.

5. What major event is believed to have been triggered by the comet strike documented by the lunisolar calendar at Gobekli Tepe?

a) The beginning of the Neolithic Revolution
b) The end of the Ice Age
c) A 1,200-year-long ice age
d) The extinction of the dinosaurs

Answer: c) A 1,200-year-long ice age
Explanation: The comet strike is believed to have triggered a 1,200-year-long ice age.

Statement-Based MCQs on Liquid Water on Mars

1. Consider the following statements about the discovery of liquid water on Mars:

  1. The discovery of liquid water on Mars was made using data from NASA’s InSight Lander, which recorded seismic activity on the Martian surface.
  2. The presence of liquid water was identified at depths of 10 to 20 kilometres within the Martian crust.
  3. This is the first evidence of any form of water on Mars, as water ice was never previously detected on the planet.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because water ice was previously known to exist on Mars, particularly at the planet’s poles.

2. Which of the following technologies was crucial in detecting the presence of liquid water on Mars?

a) Mars Rovers
b) A spectrometer on Mars orbiters
c) Seismometer data from NASA’s InSight Lander
d) High-resolution cameras aboard satellites

Answer: c) Seismometer data from NASA’s InSight Lander
Explanation: The seismometer aboard NASA’s InSight Lander was key in recording seismic waves, which helped infer the presence of liquid water beneath Mars' surface.

3. Consider the following statements about the study of liquid water on Mars:

  1. The study was conducted by researchers from the University of California.
  2. The findings suggest that liquid water may have seeped into the Martian crust billions of years ago when Mars had a warmer climate.
  3. The amount of water trapped in Mars' rock fractures is estimated to be enough to fill an ocean 1-2 kilometres deep across the entire planet.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: All statements are correct regarding the study and its findings about liquid water on Mars.

4. What is the significance of the recent discovery of liquid water on Mars?

a) It confirms that Mars currently has an atmosphere similar to Earth’s.
b) It enhances the potential for finding habitable environments and understanding Mars' climatic history.
c) It provides the first evidence of water ice on the Martian poles.
d) It disproves previous theories about water on Mars.

Answer: b) It enhances the potential for finding habitable environments and understanding Mars' climatic history.
Explanation: The discovery of liquid water boosts the potential for habitable environments and offers insights into Mars' climatic history and surface processes.

5. What method did scientists use to infer the presence of liquid water beneath the surface of Mars?

a) By analyzing surface photos from Mars Rovers
b) By studying the reflection of sunlight on the surface
c) By examining the speed of seismic waves and applying a geophysical model
d) By using satellite radar to detect water reservoirs

Answer: c) By examining the speed of seismic waves and applying a geophysical model
Explanation: The presence of liquid water was inferred by analyzing the speed of seismic waves and using a geophysical model to identify the type of material the waves traveled through.

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Statement-Based MCQs on Teesta-V Hydropower Station

1. Consider the following statements regarding the Teesta-V Hydropower Station:

  1. The Teesta-V Hydropower Station is a 510 MW hydropower project located in the state of Sikkim.
  2. It is a dam-based project with a height of 88.6 meters and length of 176.5 meters, built to regulate daily power peaking.
  3. The project was completed and became operational in the year 1999.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because the Teesta-V Hydropower Station was completed and became operational in 2008, not in 1999.

2. Which of the following statements is correct about the Teesta-V Hydropower Station?

a) The Teesta-V Hydropower Station is a storage-based project with a large reservoir.
b) It is a run-of-river project on the Teesta River, generating 510 MW of power.
c) The project was developed in multiple phases by the National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC).
d) The Teesta-V project is located in the state of West Bengal.

Answer: b) It is a run-of-river project on the Teesta River, generating 510 MW of power.
Explanation: The Teesta-V Hydropower Station is a run-of-river project located in Sikkim, and it generates 510 MW of power.

3. Consider the following statements about the Teesta River:

  1. The Teesta River is a trans-Himalayan river flowing through Sikkim and West Bengal in India, and into Bangladesh.
  2. It is a tributary of the Ganga River.
  3. The Teesta River forms a natural boundary between the states of Sikkim and West Bengal.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation: Statement 2 is incorrect because the Teesta River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River, not the Ganga River.

4. Which of the following organizations is responsible for the development and operation of the Teesta-V Hydropower Station?

a) NTPC
b) National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC)
c) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
d) Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA)

Answer: b) National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC)
Explanation: The National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) is responsible for the development and operation of the Teesta-V Hydropower Station.

5. Consider the following statements:

  1. The Teesta-V Hydropower Station was constructed as part of the larger Teesta River basin development project.
  2. The Teesta River serves as a boundary between the states of Assam and West Bengal.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: a) 1 only
Explanation: Statement 2 is incorrect because the Teesta River forms a boundary between the states of Sikkim and West Bengal, not between Assam and West Bengal.

Statement-Based MCQs on Guam Island and INS Shivalik

1. Consider the following statements regarding Guam Island:

  1. Guam is the largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands, located in the Northern Pacific Ocean.
  2. Guam was a Spanish colony until 1898 and later became a US territory following the Spanish-American War.
  3. The climate of Guam is predominantly dry with very little influence from the Pacific Ocean currents.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because Guam has a tropical climate influenced by the northeast trade winds and the north equatorial ocean current that flows across the Pacific.

2. Which of the following statements correctly describes the native people of Guam?

a) They are ethnically known as Chamorros and have primarily European ancestry.
b) Chamorros, the native people of Guam, are of Malayo-Indonesian descent with a mix of Spanish, Filipino, Mexican, and other Asian ancestries.
c) The Chamorros are a tribe indigenous to Australia.
d) Native Guamanians are predominantly of Polynesian descent.

Answer: b) Chamorros, the native people of Guam, are of Malayo-Indonesian descent with a mix of Spanish, Filipino, Mexican, and other Asian ancestries.
Explanation: The Chamorros are the native people of Guam and are of Malayo-Indonesian descent with a mix of several other ancestries.

3. Consider the following statements regarding INS Shivalik:

  1. INS Shivalik is a stealth multi-role frigate built for the Indian Navy by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL).
  2. It was commissioned into the Indian Navy in 2010.
  3. INS Shivalik is the first destroyer class ship built for the Indian Navy.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because INS Shivalik is a stealth multi-role frigate, not a destroyer.

4. Which of the following is correct about the historical status of Guam Island?

a) It became a US territory after World War I.
b) It was a British colony until 1898.
c) Guam was a Spanish colony until 1898 and became a US territory after the Spanish-American War.
d) It has always been a part of the United States.

Answer: c) Guam was a Spanish colony until 1898 and became a US territory after the Spanish-American War.
Explanation: Guam became a US territory after the Spanish-American War in 1898.

5. What role did INS Shivalik play in the recent Multinational Maritime Exercise (RIMPAC) 2024?

a) It participated as a submarine in anti-submarine warfare.
b) It reached Guam for an Operational Turnaround after completing the exercise.
c) It served as a logistics ship for the Indian Navy.
d) It was used for the evacuation of Indian nationals.

Answer: b) It reached Guam for an Operational Turnaround after completing the exercise.
Explanation: INS Shivalik reached Guam after successfully completing the RIMPAC 2024 exercise for an Operational Turnaround.

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Statement-Based MCQs on Guam Island and INS Shivalik

1. Consider the following statements regarding Guam Island:

  1. Guam is the largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands, located in the Northern Pacific Ocean.
  2. Guam was a Spanish colony until 1898 and later became a US territory following the Spanish-American War.
  3. The climate of Guam is predominantly dry with very little influence from the Pacific Ocean currents.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because Guam has a tropical climate influenced by the northeast trade winds and the north equatorial ocean current that flows across the Pacific.

2. Which of the following statements correctly describes the native people of Guam?

a) They are ethnically known as Chamorros and have primarily European ancestry.
b) Chamorros, the native people of Guam, are of Malayo-Indonesian descent with a mix of Spanish, Filipino, Mexican, and other Asian ancestries.
c) The Chamorros are a tribe indigenous to Australia.
d) Native Guamanians are predominantly of Polynesian descent.

Answer: b) Chamorros, the native people of Guam, are of Malayo-Indonesian descent with a mix of Spanish, Filipino, Mexican, and other Asian ancestries.
Explanation: The Chamorros are the native people of Guam and are of Malayo-Indonesian descent with a mix of several other ancestries.

3. Consider the following statements regarding INS Shivalik:

  1. INS Shivalik is a stealth multi-role frigate built for the Indian Navy by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL).
  2. It was commissioned into the Indian Navy in 2010.
  3. INS Shivalik is the first destroyer class ship built for the Indian Navy.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statement 3 is incorrect because INS Shivalik is a stealth multi-role frigate, not a destroyer.

4. Which of the following is correct about the historical status of Guam Island?

a) It became a US territory after World War I.
b) It was a British colony until 1898.
c) Guam was a Spanish colony until 1898 and became a US territory after the Spanish-American War.
d) It has always been a part of the United States.

Answer: c) Guam was a Spanish colony until 1898 and became a US territory after the Spanish-American War.
Explanation: Guam became a US territory after the Spanish-American War in 1898.

5. What role did INS Shivalik play in the recent Multinational Maritime Exercise (RIMPAC) 2024?

a) It participated as a submarine in anti-submarine warfare.
b) It reached Guam for an Operational Turnaround after completing the exercise.
c) It served as a logistics ship for the Indian Navy.
d) It was used for the evacuation of Indian nationals.

Answer: b) It reached Guam for an Operational Turnaround after completing the exercise.
Explanation: INS Shivalik reached Guam after successfully completing the RIMPAC 2024 exercise for an Operational Turnaround.

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