1. Which of the following features of the Indian Constitution were borrowed from the Government of India Act, 1935?
a) Parliamentary System
b) Federal Scheme
c) Office of the Governor
d) Concurrent List
Answer:
c) Office of the Governor
Explanation:
- The Office of the Governor was borrowed from the Government of India Act, 1935, which laid the foundation for provincial autonomy with a system of governance led by a Governor.
- The Parliamentary System was influenced by the British system.
- The Federal Scheme was also inspired by the Government of India Act, 1935.
- The Concurrent List was introduced by the Government of India Act, 1935, which allowed both the Centre and the states to legislate on certain matters.
2. Which of the following is not a feature of the Indian federal system?
a) Dual Polity
b) Supremacy of the Constitution
c) Independent Judiciary
d) Unitary Bias
Answer:
d) Unitary Bias
Explanation:
- Dual Polity, Supremacy of the Constitution, and Independent Judiciary are features of the Indian federal system that ensure the division of powers between different levels of government and maintain constitutional supremacy.
- Unitary Bias refers to the strong centralizing tendencies in the Indian Constitution, which is not a feature of a typical federal system but is a characteristic of the Indian system's uniqueness.
3. Who among the following can remove the Vice-President of India from office?
a) President
b) Parliament
c) Supreme Court
d) Electoral College
Answer:
b) Parliament
Explanation:
- The Vice-President of India can be removed from office by a resolution passed by the Parliament by an effective majority in the Rajya Sabha and agreed to by the Lok Sabha.
- Neither the President nor the Supreme Court has the power to remove the Vice-President.
- The Electoral College elects the Vice-President but does not have the authority to remove them.
4. The concept of the "Basic Structure" of the Constitution was first introduced in which of the following cases?
a) Golaknath Case
b) Kesavananda Bharati Case
c) Minerva Mills Case
d) Shankari Prasad Case
Answer:
b) Kesavananda Bharati Case
Explanation:
- The Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973) is where the Supreme Court of India propounded the doctrine of the "Basic Structure," establishing that the Parliament cannot amend the fundamental framework of the Constitution.
- The Golaknath Case (1967) dealt with the amendment power of Parliament but did not introduce the basic structure doctrine.
- The Minerva Mills Case (1980) reinforced the basic structure doctrine.
- The Shankari Prasad Case (1951) upheld the Parliament's power to amend any part of the Constitution.
5. Which of the following constitutional amendments incorporated the Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution?
a) 42nd Amendment
b) 44th Amendment
c) 52nd Amendment
d) 61st Amendment
Answer:
a) 42nd Amendment
Explanation:
- The 42nd Amendment (1976) added the Fundamental Duties to the Constitution under Article 51A, listing ten duties for Indian citizens.
- The 44th Amendment (1978) dealt with changes in the right to property and restoration of certain articles altered by the 42nd Amendment.
- The 52nd Amendment (1985) introduced the anti-defection law.
- The 61st Amendment (1989) reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years.
