With reference to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are used in making many consumer products, consider the following statements:

Question

1. PFAS are found to be widespread in drinking water, food, and food packaging materials.

2. PFAS are not easily degraded in the environment.

3. Persistent exposure to PFAS can lead to bioaccumulation in animal bodies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer 1

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

• Statement 1: Correct. PFAS have been detected in various environmental media, including drinking water, food, and food packaging materials, due to their extensive use in industrial and consumer products.

• Statement 2: Correct. PFAS are known as "forever chemicals" because they are highly resistant to environmental degradation processes, leading to their persistence in the environment for a very long time.

• Statement 3: Correct. PFAS can accumulate in the bodies of animals, including humans, over time due to their persistence and widespread presence, leading to potential health risks.

All three statements are correct, making option (d) the right answer.