Answer:
(d) All four
Explanation:
"Distributed Energy Resources" (DERs) are small-scale units of local generation connected to the grid at the distribution level. These resources are often renewable and can provide power close to the point of consumption. Let's consider each of the given options:
Battery storage: Correct. Battery storage systems are a type of DER. They store energy locally and can provide power when needed, enhancing grid stability and resilience.
Biomass generators: Correct. Biomass generators convert organic materials into electricity and heat, and can be considered as DERs due to their local and decentralized nature.
Fuel cells: Correct. Fuel cells generate electricity through an electrochemical process and can be deployed at the distribution level, qualifying them as DERs.
Rooftop solar photovoltaic units: Correct. Rooftop solar PV units generate electricity from sunlight and are a common example of DERs, as they are installed locally on buildings and homes.
Since all four options are considered distributed energy resources, the correct answer is (d) All four.
