Taking a Giant Leap for New Ethics in Outer Space: Analysis
Introduction
The article penned by Gopalkrishna Gandhi discusses the ageold competitive spirit that drives humans to explore uncharted territories like Antarctica and outer space. The article seeks to draw parallels between territorial claims on Earth and potential territorial claims on outer space. It also proposes the need for a new ethical framework to guide human activities in outer space.
Human Competitive Instinct: The Historical Context
The article begins by recalling the competitive race between Robert Scott and Roald Amundsen to reach the South Pole in 191012. This serves as an example to emphasize that the human instinct to be first has always existed. Each explorer was aware of the other's aim, and they pursued their goals with the intent of planting their nation's flag first.
Example: Amundsen planted the Norwegian flag 34 days before Scott and his team could. This became a part of history, showcasing how territorial claims even extend to uninhabited lands.
The Antarctic Treaties and Claims
The Antarctic treaty system established in 1959 has evolved to balance international interests in the continent. It restricts militarization, prohibits nuclear testing, and mandates that the continent only be used for peaceful purposes.
Example: Countries like Australia, Argentina, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and Britain have established clearly defined 'Antarctic territories', albeit these territories aren't similar to colonies of the imperial era.
The Outer Space Parallel
The author suggests that similar territorial claims may extend to outer space, necessitating a new set of ethics. The Moon Agreement of 1979, adopted by the UN General Assembly, tries to establish some legal and ethical bounds, stating that the moon and its resources are the 'common heritage of mankind'.
Example: India’s Chandrayaan3 mission successfully reached the moon, giving India an opportunity to set an example by advocating for collective responsibility over outer space resources.
The Need for a New Ethical Framework
In the age of advanced satellite technology, and with numerous nations having capabilities to reach outer space, there is a pressing need for a new ethical framework. This framework should ideally cover demilitarization, peaceful use, and a responsible approach towards space debris.
Example: Prime Minister Narendra Modi's statement that the success of Chandrayaan3 belongs to all of humanity paves the way for collective responsibility. The article urges him to take an initiative in establishing this new ethical framework.
Conclusion
Gopalkrishna Gandhi’s article raises significant concerns about the ethical responsibilities of countries in outer space exploration. In the age of advanced technology and increasing interests in space, it argues for a selfregulating covenant of restraint that would align not just with technological capabilities but also with ethical responsibilities.
